Cellular network coverage using a vehicle-based data transmission extender

ABSTRACT

Apparatus, systems, and methods for improving cellular network coverage using a vehicle-based data transmission extender. One such generalized method includes establishing communication between a fixed base station of a cellular network and a first wireless device, which includes a data transmission module that is part of a first vehicle. Data is relayed between the fixed base station and a second wireless device using the first wireless device to extend geographic coverage of the cellular network to the second wireless device. The method also includes at least one of: detecting, using a signal detector, a signal emitted from the second wireless device, the signal detector being part of the first vehicle; and tracking, using a data meter, an amount of data relayed via the first wireless device between the fixed base station and the second wireless device over the cellular network, the data meter being part of the first vehicle.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/203,950, filed Nov. 29, 2018, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to wireless networks and, more particularly, to apparatus, systems, and methods for improving cellular network coverage using a vehicle-based data transmission extender.

BACKGROUND

Existing cellular network technologies are susceptible to poor coverage and/or blockage issues, including cellular dead spots, which can present problems when cellular connectivity is urgently needed. More particularly, there may be urgent situations (e.g., emergency situations and important calls) that are best addressed by phone calls when traveling in a vehicle. However, the occupants of such a vehicle may be put in danger or otherwise inconvenienced if an urgent situation arises while the vehicle travels over a road with cellular dead spots, because the ability of the occupants to communicate with the outside world using a mobile device may be limited or temporarily unavailable. Some cellular network technologies may be more susceptible to poor coverage and/or blockage issues than others. For example, because 5G operates in a wavelength more susceptible to blockage than LTE or other 4G technologies, 5G requires additional and closer placed base stations to provide the same level of service coverage. It would therefore be desirable to extend the coverage of one or more cellular networks to remote areas where data service is not as prevalent, or to provide better data service in high-blockage areas. Therefore, what is needed is an apparatus, system, or method that addressed on or more of the foregoing issues, and/or one or more other issues.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a vehicle-based transmission extender apparatus, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a detailed diagrammatic view of the vehicle-based transmission extender apparatus of FIG. 1, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of a vehicle-based transmission extender system including at least the vehicle-based transmission extender apparatus of FIGS. 1 and 2, according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a method for implementing one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic illustration of a computing node for implementing one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides apparatus, systems, and methods for improving cellular network coverage using a vehicle-based data transmission extender. A generalized method includes establishing communication between a fixed base station of a cellular network and a first wireless device. Data is relayed between the fixed base station and a second wireless device using the first wireless device to extend geographic coverage of the cellular network to the second wireless device. The first wireless device includes a first vehicle-based data transmission module that is part of a first vehicle. The method also includes at least one of: detecting, using a signal detector, a signal emitted from the second wireless device, the signal detector being part of the first vehicle; and tracking, using a data meter, an amount of data relayed via the first wireless device between the fixed base station and the second wireless device over the cellular network, the data meter being part of the first vehicle.

A generalized system includes a fixed base station of a cellular network and a first wireless device including a first vehicle-based data transmission module that is part of a first vehicle. The first wireless device is adapted to: communicate with the fixed base station; and relay data between the fixed base station and a second wireless device to extend geographic coverage of the cellular network to the second wireless device. The system may also include the second wireless device and at least one of: a signal detector adapted to detect a signal emitted from the second wireless device, the signal detector being part of the first vehicle; and a data meter adapted to track an amount of data relayed via the first wireless device between the fixed base station and the second wireless device over the cellular network, the data meter being part of the first vehicle.

A generalized apparatus includes a non-transitory computer readable medium and a plurality of instructions stored on the non-transitory computer readable medium and executable by one or more processors. The plurality of instructions include instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to establish communication between a fixed base station of a cellular network and a first wireless device. The plurality of instructions also include instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to relay, using the first wireless device, data between the fixed base station and a second wireless device to extend geographic coverage of the cellular network to the second wireless device. The first wireless device includes a first vehicle-based data transmission module that is part of a first vehicle. The plurality of instructions also include at least one of: instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to detect, using a signal detector, a signal emitted from the second wireless device, the signal detector being part of the first vehicle; and instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to track, using a data meter, an amount of data relayed via the first wireless device between the fixed base station and the second wireless device over the cellular network, the data meter being part of the first vehicle.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure provides apparatus, systems, and methods for improving cellular network coverage (e.g., for a cellular network service provider) using a vehicle-based data transmission extender (or another powered relay). The vehicle-based data transmission extender may include vehicle-carried transceivers/relays that become mobile hotspots to extend cellular network coverage to remote areas where data service is not as prevalent, or to provide better data service in high-blockage areas. Because 5G operates in a wavelength more susceptible to blockage than LTE or other 4G technologies, 5G requires additional and closer placed base stations to provide the same level of service coverage. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the vehicle-based data transmission extender of the present system may be utilized to extend 5G cellular network coverage beyond the fixed base stations of a particular service provider. For example, the vehicle-based data transmission extender may utilize vehicle-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-infrastructure communication to improve consumers' cellular network coverage. In some instances, since the present system utilizes mobile vehicles, the vehicle-based data transmission extender may be considered a mobile base station of the cellular network. Such a mobile base station (whether moving or stationary) is capable of relaying signals from another base station (e.g., fixed or mobile) to expand the coverage area of the cellular network.

Example hardware may include: a tower with a cellular antenna; a vehicle with an enabled vehicle-based data transmission extender (or another powered relay); and a mobile device utilizing a cellular data service (e.g., 5G, 4G, LTE, etc.), which consumer device may be located proximate the vehicle. Specifically, the consumer device may be associated with an occupant of the vehicle having the enabled vehicle-based data transmission extender. Alternatively, the consumer device may be associated with an occupant of another vehicle traveling nearby (e.g., in the same direction). As a result, the vehicle with the enabled vehicle-based data transmission extender becomes part of the mobile backbone of a cellular network service. Example software may include tracking software that tracks the amount of data flowing through the vehicle-based data transmission extender. In some instances, because the vehicle-based data transmission extender provides network providers (e.g., Verizon, AT&T, etc.) with additional range and capacity, vehicle owners and/or manufacturers may charge the network providers usage fees based on the tracked usage of the vehicle-based data transmission extender as part of the service providers' networks.

In some implementations, data analytics may be used to continuously collect information from a plurality of vehicles, at least some of which are equipped with the enabled vehicle-based data transmission extender (or another powered relay), and at least some of which are not equipped the enabled vehicle-based data transmission extender. More particularly, using a signal detector located in each of the vehicles, the presence or absence of a mobile device in or around each of the plurality of vehicles is detected (e.g., via low frequency mobile phone signals). In some embodiments, when a mobile device is detected by the signal detector of one of the vehicles equipped with the enabled vehicle-based data transmission extender, that vehicle's data transmission extender is used to extend cellular network coverage to the detected mobile device. On the other hand, in some embodiments, when a mobile device is detected by the signal detector of one of the vehicles not equipped with the enabled vehicle-based data transmission extender, a nearby vehicle that is equipped with the enabled vehicle-based data transmission extender is used to extend cellular network coverage to the detected mobile device.

Machine learning may be used in combination with the above-described data analytics to construct comprehensive profiles based on: (i) detected mobile device usage in vehicles equipped with the signal detector; (ii) vehicles equipped with the enabled vehicle-based data transmission extender (or another powered relay) and thus able to extend cellular network coverage to detected mobile devices; (iii) vehicles not equipped the enabled vehicle-based data transmission extender and thus unable to extend cellular network coverage to detected mobile devices; and (iv) known dead spots in the cellular network (i.e., locations or geographic zones where the fixed base stations of a particular service provider do not provide coverage). Based on these comprehensive profiles, trends are identified for instances where one or more of the vehicles equipped with the enabled vehicle-based data transmission extender can constructively impart, extend, and/or add network connectivity when one or more mobile devices are detected. In some embodiments, the provided network connectivity temporarily adds more network bandwidth in a cellular dead spot at a frequency commonly shared between the one or more of the detected mobile devices and the one or more of the enabled vehicle-based data transmission extenders. Machine learning may be further leveraged to determine how effectively particular vehicle(s) equipped with the enabled vehicle-based data transmission extender adds network bandwidth in the cellular dead spot; based on the effectiveness (or lack thereof) of the particular vehicle(s) at adding network bandwidth, the machine learning server may be validated or refined to select for use an appropriate vehicle equipped with the enabled vehicle-based data transmission extender from among the plurality of vehicles.

Referring to FIG. 1, in an embodiment, a vehicle-based data transmission extender apparatus is generally referred to by the reference numeral 100 and includes a vehicle 105, such as an automobile, and a vehicle control unit 110 located on the vehicle 105. The vehicle 105 may include a front portion 115 a (including a front bumper), a rear portion 115 b (including a rear bumper), a right-side portion 115 c (including a right front quarter panel, a right front door, a right rear door, and a right rear quarter panel), a left-side portion 115 d (including a left front quarter panel, a left front door, a left rear door, and a left rear quarter panel), and wheels 115 e. A data transmission module 120 is operably coupled to, and adapted to be in communication with, the vehicle control unit 110. The data transmission module 120 is adapted to communicate wirelessly with, and form a part of, a cellular network 125 (e.g., a 3G network, a 4G network, a 5G network, a Wi-Fi network, an ad hoc network, or the like). In some embodiments, a central server 126 is adapted to communicate with the vehicle 105 via the cellular network 125.

An operational equipment engine 130 is operably coupled to, and adapted to be in communication with, the vehicle control unit 110. A sensor engine 135 is also operably coupled to, and adapted to be in communication with, the vehicle control unit 110. The sensor engine 135 is adapted to monitor various components of, for example, the operational equipment engine 130 and/or the surrounding environment, as will be described in further detail below. An interface engine 140 is also operably coupled to, and adapted to be in communication with, the vehicle control unit 110. In addition to, or instead of, being operably coupled to, and adapted to be in communication with, the vehicle control unit 110, the data transmission module 120, the operational equipment engine 130, the sensor engine 135, and/or the interface engine 140 may be operably coupled to, and adapted to be in communication with, one another via wired or wireless communication (e.g., via an in-vehicle network). In some embodiments, as in FIG. 1, the vehicle control unit 110 is adapted to communicate with the data transmission module 120, the operational equipment engine 130, the sensor engine 135, and the interface engine 140 to at least partially control the interaction of data with and between the various components of the vehicle-based data transmission extender apparatus 100.

The term “engine” is meant herein to refer to an agent, instrument, or combination of either, or both, agents and instruments that may be associated to serve a purpose or accomplish a task—agents and instruments may include sensors, actuators, switches, relays, power plants, system wiring, computers, components of computers, programmable logic devices, microprocessors, software, software routines, software modules, communication equipment, networks, network services, and/or other elements and their equivalents that contribute to the purpose or task to be accomplished by the engine. Accordingly, some of the engines may be software modules or routines, while others of the engines may be hardware and/or equipment elements in communication with the vehicle control unit 110, the data transmission module 120, the cellular network 125, and/or the central server 126.

Referring to FIG. 2, a detailed diagrammatic view of the vehicle-based data transmission extender apparatus 100 of FIG. 1 is illustrated. As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle control unit 110 includes a processor 145 and a memory 150. In some embodiments, as in FIG. 2, the data transmission module 120, which is operably coupled to, and adapted to be in communication with, the vehicle control unit 110, includes a transmitter 155 and a receiver 160. In some embodiments, one or the other of the transmitter 155 and the receiver 160 may be omitted according to the particular application for which the data transmission module 120 is to be used. In some embodiments, the transmitter 155 and the receiver 160 are combined into a transceiver capable of both sending and receiving wireless signals. In any case, the transmitter 155 and the receiver 160 are adapted to send/receive data to/from the cellular network 125, as indicated by arrow(s) 165.

In some embodiments, as in FIG. 2, the operational equipment engine 130, which is operably coupled to, and adapted to be in communication with, the vehicle control unit 110, includes a plurality of devices configured to facilitate driving of the vehicle 105. In this regard, the operational equipment engine 130 may be designed to exchange communication with the vehicle control unit 110, so as to not only receive instructions, but to provide information regarding the operation of the operational equipment engine 130. For example, the operational equipment engine 130 may include a vehicle battery 170, a motor 175 (e.g., electric or combustion), a drivetrain 180, a steering system 185, and a braking system 190. The vehicle battery 170 provides electrical power to the motor 175, which motor 175 drives the wheels 115 e of the vehicle 105 via the drivetrain 180. In some embodiments, in addition to providing power to the motor 175, the vehicle battery 170 provides electrical power to other component(s) of the operational equipment engine 130, the vehicle control unit 110, the data transmission module 120, the sensor engine 135, the interface engine 140, or any combination thereof.

In some embodiments, as in FIG. 2, the sensor engine 135, which is operably coupled to, and adapted to be in communication with, the vehicle control unit 110, includes devices such as sensors, meters, detectors, or other devices configured to measure or sense a parameter related to an operation of the vehicle 105, as will be described in further detail below. For example, the sensor engine 135 may include a data meter 195, a signal detector 200, a global positioning system 205, vehicle camera(s) 210, an airbag sensor 215, a braking sensor 220, an accelerometer 225, a speedometer 230, a tachometer 235, or any combination thereof. The sensors or other detection devices are generally configured to sense or detect activity, conditions, and circumstances in an area to which the device has access. Sub-components of the sensor engine 135 may be deployed at any operational area where readings regarding the driving of the vehicle 105 may be taken. Readings from the sensor engine 135 are fed back to the vehicle control unit 110. The reported data may include sensed data, or may be derived, calculated, or inferred from the sensed data. The vehicle control unit 110 may send signals to the sensor engine 135 to adjust the calibration or operating parameters of the sensor engine 135 in accordance with a control program in the vehicle control unit 110. The vehicle control unit 110 is adapted to receive and process data from the sensor engine 135 or from other suitable source(s), and to monitor, store (e.g., in the memory 150), and/or otherwise process (e.g., using the processor 145) the received data.

The data meter 195 is adapted to communicate with the data transmission module 120 (or vice versa), as indicated by arrow 196, and to track the amount of data flowing through the transmission extender 120. For example, the data meter 195 may be adapted to communicate with the data transmission module 120 (or vice versa) via near field communication (NFC), radio-frequency identification (RFID), Bluetooth, infrared, proximity inference via, for example, a global positioning system (e.g., the global positioning system 205) or triangulation, other indirect technologies, and/or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, in addition to, or instead of, the data meter 195 communicating with the data transmission module 120 (or vice versa), the data meter 195 and the data transmission module 120 each communicate with the vehicle control unit 110. In some embodiments, the data meter 195 is or includes software stored in the memory 150 and executable by the processor 145 of the vehicle control unit 110 to track the amount of data flowing through the transmission extender 120. The signal detector 200 is adapted to detect the presence or absence of a mobile device in or around the vehicle 105 (e.g., via low frequency mobile phone signals). In some embodiments, when such a mobile device (e.g., the mobile device 250) is detected by the signal detector 200, the data transmission module 120 is used to extend cellular network coverage to the detected mobile device.

The global positioning system 205 is adapted to track the location of the vehicle 105 and to communicate the location information to the vehicle control unit 110. The vehicle camera(s) 210 are adapted to monitor the vehicle 105's surroundings and to communicate image data to the vehicle control unit 110. The airbag sensor 215 is adapted to activate and/or detect deployment of the vehicle 105's airbag(s) and to communicate the airbag deployment information to the vehicle control unit 110. The braking sensor 220 is adapted to monitor usage of the vehicle 105's braking system 190 (e.g., an antilock braking system 190) and to communicate the braking information to the vehicle control unit 110. The accelerometer 225 is adapted to monitor acceleration of the vehicle 105 and to communicate the acceleration information to the vehicle control unit 110. The accelerometer 225 may be, for example, a two-axis accelerometer 225 or a three-axis accelerometer 225. In some embodiments, the accelerometer 225 is associated with an airbag of the vehicle 105 to trigger deployment of the airbag. The speedometer 230 is adapted to monitor speed of the vehicle 105 and to communicate the speed information to the vehicle control unit 110. In some embodiments, the speedometer 230 is associated with a display unit of the vehicle 105 such as, for example, a display unit of the interface engine 140, to provide a visual indication of vehicle speed to a driver of the vehicle 105. The tachometer 235 is adapted to monitor the working speed (e.g., in revolutions-per-minute) of the vehicle 105's motor 175 and to communicate the angular velocity information to the vehicle control unit 110. In some embodiments, the tachometer 235 is associated with a display unit of the vehicle 105 such as, for example, a display unit of the interface engine 140, to provide a visual indication of the motor 175's working speed to the driver of the vehicle 105.

In some embodiments, as in FIG. 2, the interface engine 140, which is operably coupled to, and adapted to be in communication with, the vehicle control unit 110, includes at least one input and output device or system that enables a user to interact with the vehicle control unit 110 and the functions that the vehicle control unit 110 provides. For example, the interface engine 140 may include a display unit 240 and an input/output (“I/O”) device 245. The display unit 240 may be, include, or be part of multiple display units. For example, in some embodiments, the display unit 240 may include one, or any combination, of a central display unit associated with a dash of the vehicle 105, an instrument cluster display unit associated with an instrument cluster of the vehicle 105, and/or a heads-up display unit associated with the dash and a windshield of the vehicle 105; accordingly, as used herein the reference numeral 240 may refer to one, or any combination, of the display units. The I/O device 245 may be, include, or be part of a communication port (e.g., a USB port), a Bluetooth communication interface, a touch-screen display unit, soft keys associated with a dash, a steering wheel, or another component of the vehicle 105, and/or similar components. Other examples of sub-components that may be part of the interface engine 140 include, but are not limited to, audible alarms, visual alerts, tactile alerts, telecommunications equipment, and computer-related components, peripherals, and systems.

In some embodiments, a mobile device 250 belonging to an occupant (or passerby) of the vehicle 105 may be coupled to, and adapted to be in communication with, the data transmission module 120. For example, the mobile device 250 may communicate wirelessly with the data transmission module 120, as indicated by arrow 252. For another example, the mobile device 250 may communicate with the data transmission module 120 via the interface engine 140 (e.g., the I/O device 245) and the vehicle control unit 110. As a result, the mobile device 250 is able to receive cellular network service (e.g., 5G or the like) through the data transmission module 120 in situations where the mobile device 250 is beyond the range of a service provider's stationary base stations, as will be described in further detail below. Moreover, as discussed above, the signal detector 200 may be adapted to detect the presence or absence of the mobile device 250 in or around the vehicle 105. In an embodiment, the mobile device 250 is a handheld or otherwise portable device which is carried onto the vehicle 105 by a user who is a driver or a passenger on the vehicle 105. In addition, or instead, the mobile device 250 may be removably connectable to the vehicle 105, such as by temporarily attaching the mobile device 250 to the dash, a center console, a seatback, or another surface in the vehicle 105. In another embodiment, the mobile device 250 may be permanently installed in the vehicle 105. In some embodiments, the mobile device 250 is, includes, or is part of one or more computing devices such as personal computers, personal digital assistants, cellular devices, mobile telephones, wireless devices, handheld devices, laptops, audio devices, tablet computers, game consoles, cameras, and/or any other suitable devices. In several embodiments, the mobile device 250 is a smartphone such as, for example, an iPhone® by Apple Inc.

Referring to FIG. 3, in an embodiment, a vehicle-based data transmission extender system is generally referred to by the reference numeral 255 and includes several components of the vehicle-based data transmission extender apparatus 100. More particularly, the vehicle-based data transmission extender system 255 includes a plurality of vehicles substantially identical to the vehicle 105 of the vehicle-based data transmission extender apparatus 100, which vehicles are given the same reference numeral 105, except that a subscript 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or i is added to each as a suffix. In addition, the vehicle-based data transmission extender system 255 includes a plurality of mobile devices identical to the mobile device 250 of the vehicle-based data transmission extender apparatus 100, which mobile devices are given the same reference numeral 250, except that a subscript 1, 2, or i is added to each as a suffix.

In some embodiments, as in FIG. 3, the vehicle-based data transmission extender system 255 includes the vehicle 105 ₁, whose current location is in the vicinity of the mobile device 250 ₁. For example, the mobile device 250 ₁ may be located in or around the vehicle 105 ₁. The data transmission module 120 of the vehicle 105 ₁ is adapted to communicate with a fixed base station 260 of the cellular network 125 (e.g., a 5G network), as indicated by arrow 265. Moreover, the mobile device 250 ₁ is adapted to obtain access to the cellular network 125, as indicated by arrow 270, via the data transmission module 120 of the vehicle 105 ₁; at least during such access to the cellular network 125 by the mobile device 250 ₁, the data meter 195 of the vehicle 105 ₁ is adapted to track the amount of data flowing through the data transmission module 120 of the vehicle 105 ₁. In some embodiments, the data transmission module 120 of the vehicle 105 ₁ extends the range of the cellular network 125 beyond that of the fixed base station 260 alone so that the mobile device 250 ₁ is able to obtain access to the (otherwise out-of-range) cellular network 125. In some embodiments, the data transmission module 120 is used to extend cellular network coverage to the mobile device 250 ₁ only in response to the detection of the mobile device 250 ₁ by the vehicle 105 ₁'s signal detector 200.

In some embodiments, as in FIG. 3, the vehicle-based data transmission extender system 255 also includes the vehicles 105 ₂₋₃, which form a vehicle group 275 whose current location is in the vicinity of the mobile device 250 ₂. For example, the mobile device 250 ₂ may be located in or around one of the vehicles 105 ₂₋₃. One or more of the data transmission modules 120 of the vehicles 105 ₂₋₃ in the vehicle group 275 are adapted to communicate with the fixed base station 260 of the cellular network 125, as indicated by arrow 280. Moreover, the mobile device 250 ₂ is adapted to obtain access to the cellular network 125, as indicated by arrow 285, via the one or more of the data transmission modules 120 of the vehicles 105 ₂₋₃ in the vehicle group 275; at least during such access to the cellular network 125 by the mobile device 250 ₂, one or more of the data meters 195 of the vehicles 105 ₂₋₃ are adapted to track the amount of data flowing through the corresponding one or more of the data transmission modules 120. In addition, the vehicles 105 ₂₋₃ may be adapted to communicate with one another via their respective data transmission modules 120, as indicated by arrow 290, so as to form an ad hoc network 295. In some embodiments, the one or more of the data transmission modules 120 of the vehicles 105 ₂₋₃ extend the range of the cellular network 125 beyond that of the fixed base station 260 alone so that the mobile device 250 ₂ is able to obtain access to the (otherwise out-of-range) cellular network 125. In some embodiments, the one or more of the data transmission modules 120 of the vehicles 105 ₂₋₃ is/are used to extend cellular network coverage to the mobile device 250 ₂ only in response to the detection of the mobile device 250 ₂ by one or more of the signal detectors 200 of the vehicles 105 ₂₋₃.

In some embodiments, as in FIG. 3, the vehicle-based data transmission extender system 255 also includes the vehicles 105 _(4-i), which form a vehicle group 300 whose current location is in the vicinity of the mobile device 250 _(i). For example, the mobile device 250 _(i) may be located in or around one of the vehicles 105 _(4-i). One or more of the data transmission modules 120 of the vehicles 105 _(4-i) in the vehicle group 300 may be adapted to communicate with one another via their respective data transmission modules 120, as indicated by arrow 305, so as to form an ad hoc network. In this regard, if the physical distance between the vehicle groups 275 and 300 is close enough to permit direct vehicle-to-vehicle communication therebetween, the vehicles 105 _(2-i) may be adapted to communicate with one another via their respective data transmission modules 120, so as to form the ad hoc network 295. The mobile device 250 _(i) is adapted to obtain access to the cellular network 125, as indicated by arrow 310, via the one or more of the data transmission modules 120 of the vehicles 105 _(4-i) in the vehicle group 300; at least during such access to the cellular network 125 by the mobile device 250 _(i), one or more of the data meters 195 of the vehicles 105 _(4-i) are adapted to track the amount of data flowing through the corresponding one or more of the data transmission modules 120. In some embodiments, the one or more of the data transmission modules 120 of the vehicles 105 _(4-i) extend the range of the cellular network 125 beyond that of the fixed base station 260 and the one or more data transmission modules 120 of the vehicles 105 ₂₋₃ so that the mobile device 250 _(i) is able to obtain access to the (otherwise out-of-range) cellular network 125. In some embodiments, the one or more of the data transmission modules 120 of the vehicles 105 _(4-i) are used to extend cellular network coverage to the mobile device 250 _(i) only in response to the detection of the mobile device 250 _(i) by one or more of the signal detectors 200 of the vehicles 105 _(4-i).

In some embodiments, as in FIG. 3, the vehicle-based data transmission extender system 255 also includes the central server 126, which is adapted to send and/or receive data to/from one or more of the vehicles 105 _(1-i) via the cellular network 125, the ad hoc network 295, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the central server 126 is adapted to receive tracking data pertaining to the amount of data flowing through each the data transmission modules 120 of the one or more of the vehicles 105 _(1-i); this tracking data may be used to charge usage fees. In some embodiments, at least some of the vehicles 105 _(1-i) are equipped with the data transmission module 120, and at least some the vehicles 105 _(1-i) are not equipped the data transmission module 120. Accordingly, the central server 126 may also be used to construct comprehensive profiles based on: (i) detected usage of the mobile devices 250 _(1-i) in the vehicles 105 _(1-i) using the respective signal detectors 200 of the vehicles 105 _(1-i); (ii) the vehicles 105 _(1-i) equipped with the data transmission module 120 and thus able to extend coverage of the cellular network 125 to the detected mobile devices 250 _(1-i); (iii) the vehicles 105 _(1-i) not equipped the data transmission module 120 and thus unable to extend coverage of the cellular network 125 to the detected mobile devices 250 _(1-i); and (iv) known dead spots in the cellular network 125 (i.e., locations or geographic zones where the fixed base station 260 does not provide coverage).

Based on these comprehensive profiles, the central server 126 is capable of identifying trends for instances where one or more of the vehicles 105 _(1-i) equipped with the data transmission module 120 (and thus able to extend coverage of the cellular network 125 to the detected mobile devices 250 _(1-i)) can constructively impart, extend, and/or add network connectivity when one or more of the mobile devices 250 _(1-i) are detected. In some embodiments, the provided network connectivity temporarily adds more network bandwidth in a cellular dead spot at a frequency commonly shared between the one or more of the detected mobile devices mobile devices 250 _(1-i) and the one or more of the vehicles 105 _(1-i) equipped with the data transmission module 120. Machine learning may be further leveraged by the central server 126 to determine how effectively particular vehicle(s) 105 _(1-i) equipped with the data transmission module 120 add network bandwidth in the cellular dead spot; based on the effectiveness (or lack thereof) of the particular vehicle(s) 105 _(1-i) at adding network bandwidth, the (machine learning) central server 126 may be validated or refined to select for use appropriate vehicle(s) 105 _(1-i) equipped with the data transmission module 120 from among the plurality of vehicles 105 _(1-i).

Referring to FIG. 4, a method of using the vehicle-based data transmission extender system 255 is generally referred to by the reference numeral 315. The method 315 may be executed in response to one or more of the mobile devices 250 _(1-i) moving out-of-range to the fixed base station 260. The method 315 includes at a step 320, establishing communication between the fixed base station 260 of the cellular network 125 and a first wireless device, the first wireless device including the data transmission module 120 of one or more of the vehicles 105 _(1-i). In some embodiments, the cellular network 125 is a 5G cellular network. In some embodiments, the step 320 includes: establishing communication between the fixed base station 260 of the cellular network 125 and a third wireless device; and relaying, using the third wireless device, data between the fixed base station 260 and the first wireless device. In at least one such embodiment, the third wireless device includes the data transmission module 120 of another one or more of the vehicles 105 _(1-i). At a step 325, a signal emitted from a second wireless device is detected using the signal detector 200 of the one or more of the vehicles 105 _(1-i). In some embodiments, the second wireless device includes the data transmission module 120 of yet another one or more of the vehicles 105 _(1-i). In other embodiments, the second wireless device includes one or more of the mobile devices 250 _(1-i) located in or around the one or more of the vehicles 105 _(1-i). At a step 330, data is relayed, using the first wireless device, between the fixed base station 260 and the second wireless device to extend geographic coverage of the cellular network 125 to the second wireless device. In some embodiments, the step 330 is executed in response to the step 325. In some embodiments, the step 330 includes: relaying, using the first wireless device, data between the third wireless device and the second wireless device. At a step 335, an amount of data relayed via the first wireless device between the fixed base station 260 and the second wireless device over the cellular network 125 is tracked using the data meter 195 of the one or more of the vehicles 105 _(1-i). At a step 340, a provider of the cellular network 125 is billed based on the amount of data tracked by the data meter 195.

In some embodiments, among other things, the operation of the vehicle-based data transmission extender system 255 and/or the execution of the method 315: improves poor coverage and/or blockage issues otherwise experienced by customers of existing cellular networks; decreases the occurrence of cellular dead spots; provides additional and closer placed base stations (i.e., the data transmission modules 120) to provide improved service coverage (e.g., 5G cellular coverage); extends the coverage of one or more cellular networks to remote areas where data service is not as prevalent; and/or provides better cellular data service in high-blockage areas.

Referring to FIG. 5, in an embodiment, a computing node 1000 for implementing one or more embodiments of one or more of the above-described elements, control units (e.g., 110), apparatus (e.g., 100), systems (e.g., 255), methods (e.g., 315) and/or steps (e.g., 320, 325, 330, 335, and/or 340), or any combination thereof, is depicted. The node 1000 includes a microprocessor 1000 a, an input device 1000 b, a storage device 1000 c, a video controller 1000 d, a system memory 1000 e, a display 1000 f, and a communication device 1000 g all interconnected by one or more buses 1000 h. In several embodiments, the storage device 1000 c may include a floppy drive, hard drive, CD-ROM, optical drive, any other form of storage device or any combination thereof. In several embodiments, the storage device 1000 c may include, and/or be capable of receiving, a floppy disk, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or any other form of computer-readable medium that may contain executable instructions. In several embodiments, the communication device 1000 g may include a modem, network card, or any other device to enable the node 1000 to communicate with other nodes. In several embodiments, any node represents a plurality of interconnected (whether by intranet or Internet) computer systems, including without limitation, personal computers, mainframes, PDAs, smartphones and cell phones.

In several embodiments, one or more of the components of any of the above-described systems include at least the node 1000 and/or components thereof, and/or one or more nodes that are substantially similar to the node 1000 and/or components thereof. In several embodiments, one or more of the above-described components of the node 1000 and/or the above-described systems include respective pluralities of same components.

In several embodiments, a computer system typically includes at least hardware capable of executing machine readable instructions, as well as the software for executing acts (typically machine-readable instructions) that produce a desired result. In several embodiments, a computer system may include hybrids of hardware and software, as well as computer sub-systems.

In several embodiments, hardware generally includes at least processor-capable platforms, such as client-machines (also known as personal computers or servers), and hand-held processing devices (such as smart phones, tablet computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), or personal computing devices (PCDs), for example). In several embodiments, hardware may include any physical device that is capable of storing machine-readable instructions, such as memory or other data storage devices. In several embodiments, other forms of hardware include hardware sub-systems, including transfer devices such as modems, modem cards, ports, and port cards, for example.

In several embodiments, software includes any machine code stored in any memory medium, such as RAM or ROM, and machine code stored on other devices (such as floppy disks, flash memory, or a CD ROM, for example). In several embodiments, software may include source or object code. In several embodiments, software encompasses any set of instructions capable of being executed on a node such as, for example, on a client machine or server.

In several embodiments, combinations of software and hardware could also be used for providing enhanced functionality and performance for certain embodiments of the present disclosure. In an embodiment, software functions may be directly manufactured into a silicon chip. Accordingly, it should be understood that combinations of hardware and software are also included within the definition of a computer system and are thus envisioned by the present disclosure as possible equivalent structures and equivalent methods.

In several embodiments, computer readable mediums include, for example, passive data storage, such as a random-access memory (RAM) as well as semi-permanent data storage such as a compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM). One or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be embodied in the RAM of a computer to transform a standard computer into a new specific computing machine. In several embodiments, data structures are defined organizations of data that may enable an embodiment of the present disclosure. In an embodiment, data structure may provide an organization of data, or an organization of executable code.

In several embodiments, any networks and/or one or more portions thereof, may be designed to work on any specific architecture. In an embodiment, one or more portions of any networks may be executed on a single computer, local area networks, client-server networks, wide area networks, internets, hand-held and other portable and wireless devices and networks.

In several embodiments, database may be any standard or proprietary database software. In several embodiments, the database may have fields, records, data, and other database elements that may be associated through database specific software. In several embodiments, data may be mapped. In several embodiments, mapping is the process of associating one data entry with another data entry. In an embodiment, the data contained in the location of a character file can be mapped to a field in a second table. In several embodiments, the physical location of the database is not limiting, and the database may be distributed. In an embodiment, the database may exist remotely from the server, and run on a separate platform. In an embodiment, the database may be accessible across the Internet. In several embodiments, more than one database may be implemented.

In several embodiments, a plurality of instructions stored on a computer readable medium may be executed by one or more processors to cause the one or more processors to carry out or implement in whole or in part the above-described operation of each of the above-described elements, control units (e.g., 110), apparatus (e.g., 100), systems (e.g., 255), methods (e.g., 315) and/or steps (e.g., 320, 325, 330, 335, and/or 340), or any combination thereof. In several embodiments, such a processor may include one or more of the microprocessor 1000 a, any processor(s) that are part of the components of the above-described systems, and/or any combination thereof, and such a computer readable medium may be distributed among one or more components of the above-described systems. In several embodiments, such a processor may execute the plurality of instructions in connection with a virtual computer system. In several embodiments, such a plurality of instructions may communicate directly with the one or more processors, and/or may interact with one or more operating systems, middleware, firmware, other applications, and/or any combination thereof, to cause the one or more processors to execute the instructions.

A method has been disclosed. The method generally includes establishing communication between a fixed base station of a cellular network and a first wireless device; and relaying, using the first wireless device, data between the fixed base station and a second wireless device to extend geographic coverage of the cellular network to the second wireless device; wherein the first wireless device includes a first vehicle-based data transmission module that is part of a first vehicle; and wherein the method further includes at least one of: detecting, using a signal detector, a signal emitted from the second wireless device, the signal detector being part of the first vehicle; and tracking, using a data meter, an amount of data relayed via the first wireless device between the fixed base station and the second wireless device over the cellular network, the data meter being part of the first vehicle.

The foregoing method embodiment may include one or more of the following elements, either alone or in combination with one another:

-   -   The second wireless device includes a second vehicle-based data         transmission module that is part of a second vehicle.     -   The method includes the step of detecting, using the signal         detector, the signal emitted from the second wireless device;         and at least the step of relaying, using the first wireless         device, the data between the fixed base station and the second         wireless device is executed in response to the step of         detecting, using the signal detector, the signal emitted from         the second wireless device.     -   The second wireless device includes a mobile device located in         or around the first vehicle.     -   The method includes the step of tracking, using the data meter,         the amount of data relayed via the first wireless device between         the fixed base station and the second wireless device over the         cellular network; and the method further includes billing a         provider of the cellular network based on the amount of data         tracked by the data meter.     -   The cellular network is a 5G cellular network.     -   The step of establishing communication between the fixed base         station of the cellular network and the first wireless device         includes: establishing communication between the fixed base         station of the cellular network and a third wireless device; and         relaying, using the third wireless device, data between the         fixed base station and the first wireless device; the step of         relaying, using the first wireless device, the data between the         fixed base station and the second wireless device includes:         relaying, using the first wireless device, data between the         third wireless device and the second wireless device; and the         third wireless device includes a second vehicle-based data         transmission module that is part of a second vehicle.

A system has also been disclosed. The system generally includes a fixed base station of a cellular network; a first wireless device including a first vehicle-based data transmission module that is part of a first vehicle, the first wireless device being adapted to: communicate with the fixed base station; and relay data between the fixed base station and a second wireless device to extend geographic coverage of the cellular network to the second wireless device; the second wireless device; and at least one of: a signal detector adapted to detect a signal emitted from the second wireless device, the signal detector being part of the first vehicle; and a data meter adapted to track an amount of data relayed via the first wireless device between the fixed base station and the second wireless device over the cellular network, the data meter being part of the first vehicle.

The foregoing system embodiment may include one or more of the following elements, either alone or in combination with one another:

-   -   The second wireless device includes a second vehicle-based data         transmission module that is part of a second vehicle.     -   The system includes the signal detector; and the first wireless         device is adapted to relay the data between the fixed base         station and the second wireless device in response to the signal         detector detecting the signal emitted from the second wireless         device.     -   The second wireless device includes a mobile device located in         or around the first vehicle.     -   The system includes the data meter; and the data meter is         further adapted to bill a provider of the cellular network based         on the amount of data tracked by the data meter.     -   The cellular network is a 5G cellular network.     -   The system further includes a third wireless device adapted to         communicate with the fixed base station and to relay data         between the fixed base station and the first wireless device;         wherein the first wireless device is adapted to communicate with         the fixed base station via the third wireless device and to         relay the data between the fixed base station and the second         wireless device via the third wireless device; and wherein the         third wireless device includes a second vehicle-based data         transmission module that is part of a second vehicle.

An apparatus has also been disclosed. The apparatus generally includes a non-transitory computer readable medium; and a plurality of instructions stored on the non-transitory computer readable medium and executable by one or more processors, the plurality of instructions including: instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to establish communication between a fixed base station of a cellular network and a first wireless device; and instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to relay, using the first wireless device, data between the fixed base station and a second wireless device to extend geographic coverage of the cellular network to the second wireless device; wherein the first wireless device includes a first vehicle-based data transmission module that is part of a first vehicle; and wherein the plurality of instructions further include at least one of: instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to detect, using a signal detector, a signal emitted from the second wireless device, the signal detector being part of the first vehicle; and instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to track, using a data meter, an amount of data relayed via the first wireless device between the fixed base station and the second wireless device over the cellular network, the data meter being part of the first vehicle.

The foregoing apparatus embodiment may include one or more of the following elements, either alone or in combination with one another:

-   -   The second wireless device includes a second vehicle-based data         transmission module that is part of a second vehicle.     -   The plurality of instructions include the instructions that,         when executed, cause the one or more processors to detect, using         the signal detector, the signal emitted from the second wireless         device; and the instructions that, when executed, cause the one         or more processors to relay, using the first wireless device,         data between the fixed base station and the second wireless         device are executed in response to the instructions that, when         executed, cause the one or more processors to detect, using the         signal detector, the signal emitted from the second wireless         device.     -   The second wireless device includes a mobile device located in         or around the first vehicle.     -   The plurality of instructions include the instructions that,         when executed, cause the one or more processors to track, using         the data meter, the amount of data relayed via the first         wireless device between the fixed base station and the second         wireless device over the cellular network; the plurality of         instructions further include instructions that, when executed,         cause the one or more processors to bill a provider of the         cellular network based on the amount of data tracked by the data         meter; and the cellular network is a 5G cellular network.     -   The instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more         processors to establish communication between the fixed base         station of the cellular network and the first wireless device         include: instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more         processors to establish communication between the fixed base         station of the cellular network and a third wireless device; and         instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more         processors to relay, using the third wireless device, data         between the fixed base station and the first wireless device;         the instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more         processors to relay, using the first wireless device, the data         between the fixed base station and the second wireless device         include: instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more         processors to relay, using the first wireless device, data         between the third wireless device and the second wireless         device; and the third wireless device includes a second         vehicle-based data transmission module that is part of a second         vehicle.

It is understood that variations may be made in the foregoing without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

In some embodiments, the elements and teachings of the various embodiments may be combined in whole or in part in some or all of the embodiments. In addition, one or more of the elements and teachings of the various embodiments may be omitted, at least in part, and/or combined, at least in part, with one or more of the other elements and teachings of the various embodiments.

Any spatial references, such as, for example, “upper,” “lower,” “above,” “below,” “between,” “bottom,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “angular,” “upwards,” “downwards,” “side-to-side,” “left-to-right,” “right-to-left,” “top-to-bottom,” “bottom-to-top,” “top,” “bottom,” “bottom-up,” “top-down,” etc., are for the purpose of illustration only and do not limit the specific orientation or location of the structure described above.

In some embodiments, while different steps, processes, and procedures are described as appearing as distinct acts, one or more of the steps, one or more of the processes, and/or one or more of the procedures may also be performed in different orders, simultaneously and/or sequentially. In some embodiments, the steps, processes, and/or procedures may be merged into one or more steps, processes and/or procedures.

In some embodiments, one or more of the operational steps in each embodiment may be omitted. Moreover, in some instances, some features of the present disclosure may be employed without a corresponding use of the other features. Moreover, one or more of the above-described embodiments and/or variations may be combined in whole or in part with any one or more of the other above-described embodiments and/or variations.

Although some embodiments have been described in detail above, the embodiments described are illustrative only and are not limiting, and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many other modifications, changes and/or substitutions are possible in the embodiments without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the present disclosure. Accordingly, all such modifications, changes, and/or substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of this disclosure as defined in the following claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A first vehicle, comprising: a first data transmission module that: establishes communication with a second data transmission module that is part of a second vehicle, the second data transmission module being in communication with a fixed base station of a cellular network; and relays data between the second data transmission module of the second vehicle and a mobile device located in or around the first vehicle to extend geographic coverage of the cellular network to the mobile device; a data meter that tracks an amount of data relayed via the first data transmission module of the first vehicle between the second data transmission module of the second vehicle and the mobile device; and a signal detector that detects a signal emitted from the mobile device; wherein the first data transmission module relays the data between the second data transmission module of the second vehicle and the mobile device in response to the signal detector detecting the signal emitted from the mobile device.
 2. The first vehicle of claim 1, wherein the first data transmission module further communicates the amount of data tracked by the data meter of the first vehicle to a central server.
 3. The first vehicle of claim 1, wherein the cellular network is a 5G cellular network.
 4. The first vehicle of claim 1, wherein the second data transmission module of the second vehicle is in communication with the fixed base station of the cellular network via one or more additional data transmission modules that is/are part of one or more additional vehicles, respectively.
 5. A method, comprising: establishing, using a first data transmission module that is part of a first vehicle, communication with a second data transmission module that is part of a second vehicle, the second data transmission module being in communication with a fixed base station of a cellular network; and relaying, using the first data transmission module of the first vehicle, data between the second data transmission module of the second vehicle and a mobile device located in or around the first vehicle to extend geographic coverage of the cellular network to the mobile device; tracking, using a data meter that is part of the first vehicle, an amount of data relayed via the first data transmission module of the first vehicle between the second data transmission module of the second vehicle and the mobile device; and detecting, using a signal detector that is part of the first vehicle, a signal emitted from the mobile device; wherein the first data transmission module relays the data between the second data transmission module of the second vehicle and the mobile device in response to the signal detector detecting the signal emitted from the mobile device.
 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising: communicating, using the first data transmission module of the first vehicle, the amount of data tracked by the data meter of the first vehicle to a central server.
 7. The method of claim 6, further comprising: billing a provider of the cellular network based on the amount of data tracked by the data meter of the first vehicle and communicated to the central server.
 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the cellular network is a 5G cellular network.
 9. The method of claim 5, wherein the second data transmission module of the second vehicle is in communication with the fixed base station of the cellular network via one or more additional data transmission modules that is/are part of one or more additional vehicles, respectively.
 10. An apparatus, comprising: a non-transitory computer readable medium; and a plurality of instructions stored on the non-transitory computer readable medium and executable by one or more processors, wherein, when the instructions are executed by the one or more processors, the following steps are executed: establishing, using a first data transmission module that is part of a first vehicle, communication with a second data transmission module that is part of a second vehicle, the second data transmission module being in communication with a fixed base station of a cellular network; relaying, using the first data transmission module of the first vehicle, data between the second data transmission module of the second vehicle and a mobile device located in or around the first vehicle to extend geographic coverage of the cellular network to the mobile device; tracking, using a data meter that is part of the first vehicle, an amount of data relayed via the first data transmission module of the first vehicle between the second data transmission module of the second vehicle and the mobile device; and detecting, using a signal detector that is part of the first vehicle, a signal emitted from the mobile device; wherein the first data transmission module relays the data between the second data transmission module of the second vehicle and the mobile device in response to the signal detector detecting the signal emitted from the mobile device.
 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein, when the instructions are executed by the one or more processors, the following step is also executed: communicating, using the first data transmission module of the first vehicle, the amount of data tracked by the data meter of the first vehicle to a central server.
 12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein, when the instructions are executed by the one or more processors, the following step is also executed: billing a provider of the cellular network based on the amount of data tracked by the data meter of the first vehicle and communicated to the central server.
 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the cellular network is a 5G cellular network.
 14. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the second data transmission module of the second vehicle is in communication with the fixed base station of the cellular network via one or more additional data transmission modules that is/are part of one or more additional vehicles, respectively. 